thân từ

Thân từ là một bộ phận cấu tạo nên chữ Hán.

Definition

1. Noun (Linguistics):
   • Radical: In linguistics, particularly in the study of Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary and morphology, "thân từ" refers to the core, meaningful part of a word, often a root or a stem. It is the base component that carries the primary semantic meaning and to which affixes (like prefixes or suffixes) can be attached.
   • Word Stem: It denotes the fundamental, unchangeable portion of a word that remains after all derivational or inflectional affixes are removed.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Trong từ "vô tận", "tận" là thân từ. (In the word "vô tận" (endless), "tận" is the radical/word stem.)
  • Phân tích ngữ pháp thường yêu cầu xác định thân từ. (Grammatical analysis often requires identifying the word stem.)

Advanced Usage

• In linguistic terminology, "thân từ" is a key concept for understanding word formation, especially in analytical and isolating languages like Vietnamese, as well as in the analysis of borrowed Sino-Vietnamese elements.

Variants and Related Words

• Gốc từ (n): root word; often used similarly to "thân từ" but can imply a more original, historical root.
• Từ căn (n): root; another term for the core, irreducible element of a word.

Synonyms

• Stem: The main part of a word to which inflections are added.
• Root: The most basic form of a word without any affixes.
• Base: A morpheme to which affixes can be attached.
• Radical: The primary semantic component of a character or word, especially from Chinese linguistic tradition.

Related Terms (Linguistics)

• Tiền tố (n): prefix; an affix placed before the stem.
• Hậu tố (n): suffix; an affix placed after the stem.
• Phụ tố (n): affix; a general term for prefixes and suffixes attached to the stem.